Preface
This
book traces its origins to the University of Hull Logistics Institute in the UK
where three of the four authors (Mangan, Lalwani and Butcher) worked together
between 2005 and 2008. It was during this time that we recognised the need for
this textbook which we are glad to say has been very well received by students,
practitioners and lecturers, and which we are now happy to present as an
updated and enhanced second edition. For this second edition we are delighted
that Roya Javadpour from California Polytechnic State University has joined us
as a co-author. Since producing our first edition Tim Butcher has moved to
Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RM1T) in Australia, John Mangan has
moved to Newcastle University in the UK, and Chandra Lalwani now shares his
time between a number of universities around the world including both Hull and
Newcastle in the UK. In this second edition we have endeavoured to again produce
a comprehensive book with the following key characteristics:
Be concise - logistics is a very pragmatic
subject and it has been our intention throughout to 'stick to the point'. We
hope that you the reader will appreciate this. Notwithstanding such intended
brevity, we have endeavoured to cover both practical and strategic aspects of
the subject matter. The book is neither a 'how to' cook book, nor is it a
high-level strategy book with little relevance to practice. The aim of the book
is to convey to both advanced students and practitioners of logistics and
supply chain management the diverse operational and strategic content of the
subjects of logistics and supply chain management
Truly global,
up-to-date perspective - the world is changing daily and
the typical 'Western' worldview no longer necessarily dominates. As we will see
in the book, logistics is a key driver of globalisation and a facilitator of
international trade and development. We have thus endeavoured to reflect these
characteristics by adopting a truly global perspective and hope that the book
will appeal to students regardless of what geography they are located in. The
context of logistics is constantly shaped by emerging trends and new
technologies and we have tried to ensure that the book is as up to date as
possible and takes cognisance of these trends and technologies. Sadly, despite
much progress, today's world still contains many divisions, tensions and
inequalities. We have attempted to be aware of these while fully embracing a neutral
and non-political perspective.
Pedagogical
approach - we have endeavoured to use a variety of pedagogies
in this book, which we hope will create a fertile learning platform for the
xoreader.
Both long(er) and short(er) case studies are included and are intended to
highlight key issues in a focused manner. Key points are detailed in separat
boxes and this should also help with revision. Italics are used within the text
emphasise specific issues. Various terms are in bold when first used to
indicate that explanations are given in the glossary at the end of the book. We
hope you find these various features useful. There are two other features of
our pedagogical approach which we believe are especially important.
Firstly,
the four authors named on the cover are not the only people to have co tributed
to this book. We are also very fortunate to have contributions from varied
experts in specific areas of logistics and supply chain management. They hav
written chapters and case studies based on their specific areas of expertise
and which we believe add to the richness of this book over and above what we
could have achieved working on our own. This multidisciplinary approach has
allowed us to draw into the book not just logisticians, but also people from
backgrounds a$ diverse as, for example, military and accounting.
The
second pedagogical feature we wish to highlight is the mix of qualitative and
quantitative content in this book. We are of the view that many logistics books
tend to occupy one of two opposite positions, either containing a large share
of quantitative material, or else none at all. We believe that a certain level
of quantitative aptitude and knowledge is an important feature of most
logistics and supply chain managers' jobs (for example, in the areas of
logistics costs and inventory management). Many such managers, however, do not
routinely engage in sophisticated mathematical analysis; this is usually the
domain of operations researchers, engineers and management accountants. We thus
aim to convey the necessary quantitative features of logistics and supply chain
management, while at the same time not excessively burdening the reader with
quantitative analysis.
These
various characteristics and perspectives adopted in the book are discussed further
in Chapter 1. The book is divided into three parts, again this is discussed,
and the content of each part elaborated, in Chapter 1. In this second edition,
we have restructured the book and updated relevant content from the first
edition. For example the area of relationships in the supply chain is
increasingly seen as a topic of importance and we have thus revised and added
to the content on this topic which was previously spread across a number of
chapters in the first edition; in this second edition this topic is afforded
its own chapter (Chapter 3). In addition new chapters have been added dealing
with: simulation, security, reverse logistics, and services supply chains. New
chapter supplements on containerisation, modelling and transport planning have
now been included, and a number of new cases have also been introduced.
BOOK
COMPANION WEBSITE
Our
text is also supported by additional teaching and learning resources, which are
available on the companion website at www.wileyeurope.com/college/mangan. They include PowerPoint slides,
suggested answers to end-of-chapter questions and case teaching notes for
lecturers. Students will also find an online glossary and multiple choice
quizzes
Acknowledgements
Many
people have helped us on our journey to produce the first and now the second
editions of this book. First and foremost, the book would not exist but for the
continuing support and advice received from many people at John Wiley &
Sons Ltd. These include Sarah Booth, Nicole Burnett, Jennifer Edgecombe, Steve
Hardman, and Anneli Mockett. We thank them for their professionalism and
patience. We would also like to thank the various anonymous reviewers for their
helpful comments. Thanks also to the many lecturers and students who used the
first edition: we thank them for their feedback which is always beneficial.
Thanks too to our universities and our many colleagues who have given us the
space and encouragement to complete this time-consuming, yet rewarding,
project.
Special
thanks are also due to our mentor and friend Professor Martin Christopher of
Cranfield University who kindly again provided the foreword.
Certain
specific elements of the book were generated from funded and/or collaborative
research undertakings and in this regard we would like to acknowledge with much
gratitude the support of the various sponsoring agencies and individuals. We
are also very grateful to various copyright holders for allowing us to use
certain material.
We
sincerely thank the various chapter contributors whose expert inputs have added
considerably to our own endeavours: Dr Chuda Basnet and Dr Paul Childerhouse
(Waikato University), Dr Peter Baker (Cranfield University), Mr Noel McGlynn
(Microsoft), Mr Martin Murphy (SCMG), Dr Helen Peck (Cranfield University),
Professor Shams Rahman (RMIT University), Dr Risto Talas (University of Hull)
and Professor Mike Tayles (University of Hull). We would like to also thank the
various case contributors for agreeing to the inclusion of their insightful
cases: Dr Peter Baker, Mr Ciaran Brady (PLS Pharma Logistics), Professor Louis
Brennan (Trinity College Dublin), Professor Marc Day (Henley Management
College), Mr Tom Ferris, Mr Simon Healy (Media- ware), Dr Graham Heaslip
(National University of Ireland, Maynooth), Dr Elizabeth Jackson (Newcastle
University), Professor Booi Kam and Mr Jin Hao (RMIT University), Professor
Roger Moser (European Business School), Ms Anne Nagle (Nagle Business
Solutions), Dr Seamus O'Reilly (University College Cork) and Professor Mike
Tayles (University of Hull). .
INTRODUCTION
This
chapter lays the foundations of the textbook and explains the origins and
appWca- tions of logistics and supply chain management, as well as giving
descriptions ol Vu'/ concepts.
A framework for the textbook is developed and this illustrates where each
chapter fits in the overall schema of the book, while the various perspectives
adopted the authors when writing this book are also described.
The
chapter comprises six core sections:
The
evolution of logistics and supply chain management
What
is logistics?
What
is supply chain management?
Distinguishing
logistics and supply chain management
Applications
to manufacturing and services
Not
only are logistics and SCM key aspects of today's business world, but they are
also of importance in the not-for-profit and public sectors. In addition, while
the origins of much logistics thinking and practice are in a manufacturing
context, we are witnessing increased and highly successful application of
logistics and SCM principles in a services context also (just think of the
efficiencies which have been driven into many service- based activities such as
banking and hospitals where the emphasis has shifted to serving more customers,
better, faster, cheaper).
The
terms logistics and SCM, although often used interchangeably, are distinct and
will be defined later in the chapter. First, however, it is appropriate to
examine how some key developments over the past couple of decades have shaped
the evolution of these important areas. In fact six separate and important
developments, each of which evolved largely independently, can be identified
and are now detailed.
In
the past, international trade was dominated by bulky raw materials. Times have,
however, changed and in-process and finished products, not raw materials, now
play a much greater role in world trade. Some simple examples illustrate this
clearly. Compare the value of the various consumer electronics products
currently being shipped globally each day with the bulky, low-value,
agricultural produce shipped around the world 100 years ago. Agricultural
produce, and indeed other comparatively high-volume/low-value freight, does
still of course traverse the world but, in general, the size and value of the
freight which is transported today is very different to that of times past. In
the case of agriculture, many food producers, rather than transporting bulky
foodstuffs, now tend to try and add value' to the product near to the point of
production: for example rather than
ship
live chickens, the international poultry trade generally comprises processed,
ready- to-cook chicken. The same is true for many other trades, across a range
of industries, whereby manufacturers try and increase the value-to-volume ratio
of products being shipped. We will see in later chapters that there is also an
increasing trend towards having the final value-adding stages in the
production of various products as close as possible to the final customer.
